Most of all: Excellence in Roofing in Ogden for Your Home

Expert Roofing Services for Residential and Commercial Qualities



With the roof covering being one of the most vital components of any type of residential or commercial property, it is imperative to make sure that it is in excellent condition. Whether it's a business or household building, having a well-maintained roof is necessary for the security and protection of everyone inside. From installation and repairs to regular maintenance and inspections, these solutions not just make certain the long life of your roof covering but also offer tranquility of mind.




Advantages of Professional Roof Covering Providers



Expert roof covering services offer countless advantages for both residential and business residential or commercial property proprietors. Expert roofers have the understanding, abilities, and experience to properly assess roofing requirements, determine possible concerns, and provide effective options (Roofing in Ogden).




Roofing in OgdenRoofing in Ogden
An additional advantage of working with expert roofing solutions is the warranty of toughness and lasting outcomes. Professional contractors utilize top quality products that are specifically made to endure rough weather, such as hefty rain, strong winds, and severe temperatures. By making use of these durable materials and using proper installation methods, specialist roofers can extend the life-span of the roof, reducing the requirement for regular repairs or replacements.


Furthermore, expert roof covering solutions offer safety and satisfaction. Roofing projects can be dangerous, especially for unskilled people. Specialist roofers are learnt security procedures and have the required equipment to avoid accidents and injuries. By working with specialists, homeowner can be certain that the roofing project will be finished securely and successfully.


Last but not least, specialist roof solutions often come with assurances or guarantees. This suggests that if any concerns arise after the conclusion of the task, the roof covering firm will take obligation and correct the issue at no added cost. This gives building owners with added security and ensures that their investment is well-protected.




Sorts Of Roof Services We Provide



With our competence in the area, we offer a large range of roofing services to cater to the demands of both commercial and domestic properties. At our firm, we recognize that various properties have different demands when it involves their roofings. Consequently, we offer a detailed choice of roof covering services to make sure that we can meet the varied requirements of our customers.


For homes, we supply services such as roofing assessments, repair services, substitutes, and installments. Our team of proficient professionals is experienced in handling different roofing products, consisting of tiles, tiles, and metal roof coverings (Roofing in Ogden). Whether it's repairing a leak, replacing harmed tiles, or installing a brand-new roofing, we have the know-how to handle it all


When it involves industrial residential properties, we recognize the special difficulties that develop because of the bigger range and complexity of these tasks. That's why we offer specialized solutions such as roof maintenance programs, waterproofing, and roof layers. Our goal is to make certain the long life and durability of your business roof covering, protecting your beneficial properties and supplying a safe environment for your business procedures.


Along with these solutions, we likewise provide emergency roof fixings for both business and household residential properties. We recognize that unexpected roof issues can occur at any moment, and we are committed to giving reputable and prompt options to decrease any view publisher site kind of more damages.


With our wide variety of roofing services, we aim to be your one-stop service for all your roof covering needs. Our team of specialists is committed to providing high-quality craftsmanship and exceptional client service, making certain that your roof task is finished to your fulfillment.




Significance of Normal Roofing Upkeep



Normal roof covering upkeep is crucial for preserving the stability and long life of your domestic or industrial residential or commercial property. Overlooking roof covering maintenance can lead to a variety of troubles, consisting of leaks, architectural damages, and enhanced power expenses. By carrying out a regular maintenance timetable, you can determine and deal with any kind of concerns before they rise into even more pricey Our site and considerable problems.


Among the primary advantages of normal roofing maintenance is the prevention of leakages. Gradually, exposure to the aspects can cause damage to your roofing, resulting in voids or fractures that enable water to seep through. By evaluating your roofing consistently, you can determine and fix any prospective weak spots, protecting against water from entering your property and triggering damages to the interior.


Routine roof covering upkeep likewise aids to maintain the structural integrity of your property. Strong winds, hefty rainfall, and extreme temperature levels can all place stress on your roofing system, triggering it to weaken in time. By carrying out regular examinations and making required repair services, you can make certain that your roof remains in ideal view website problem and can hold up against the aspects.


Furthermore, regular roof maintenance can help to enhance energy efficiency. A well-kept roofing with appropriate insulation can stop air from getting away, minimizing the need for heating and cooling systems to work harder. This, in turn, can result in lower power expenses and a much more comfortable working or living atmosphere.




Roofing in OgdenRoofing in Ogden

Indicators That Your Roofing Demands Repair Services



To ensure the continued stability and long life of your household or commercial building, it is important to be able to identify the indicators that your roofing system may be in need of fixings. Additionally, if you discover missing or harmed shingles, this is one more indication that your roofing requires attention. Drooping or sagging areas of your roofing can likewise be an indication of architectural damages and need to be checked by a specialist.




Picking the Right Roofing Contractor



Picking the ideal roofing contractor is an important action in ensuring the effective conclusion of your roof task. With so numerous professionals available in the market, it can be overwhelming to make the ideal option. Nevertheless, making the effort to study and review possible specialists can save you time, money, and migraines in the future.


When selecting a roofer, it is important to consider their experience and knowledge. Seek service providers that have actually been in the sector for a considerable quantity of time and have a tested track document of efficiently completing tasks similar to yours. They need to also be educated about the most current roofing products and methods.


In addition, it is crucial to check if the service provider is effectively licensed and guaranteed. A respectable contractor will certainly have the necessary licenses and insurance coverage to protect both you and their workers in instance of any type of crashes or damages throughout the project.


Moreover, ask for references and testimonies from past clients. This will certainly offer you a concept of their expertise, reliability, and the quality of their work.


Finally, get multiple quotes from different professionals and contrast them. While cost is vital, it needs to not be the single determining variable. Consider the professional's reputation, experience, and the materials they will certainly be utilizing prior to choosing.




Conclusion



From installation to fixings and maintenance, these solutions guarantee the durability and functionality of roof coverings. Regular maintenance is crucial in stopping costly problems and lengthening the life-span of the roof.


By utilizing these durable materials and using proper installment strategies, professional roofers can prolong the life-span of the roof, lessening the demand for regular fixings or substitutes.


For domestic homes, we offer services such as roofing examinations, replacements, setups, and fixings. Our group of experienced professionals is experienced in dealing with various roof materials, including shingles, floor tiles, and metal roofs. That's why we offer specialized services such as roof covering maintenance programs, waterproofing, and roof coverings. Sagging or sagging areas of your roofing can likewise be an indication of structural damages and need to be evaluated by a specialist.

 

Not known Details About Roofing Contractor Grovetown Ga

A Biased View of Roofing Contractor Grovetown Ga


Of program, hold-ups can happen, however establishing expectations can help maintain the project running smoothly - Roofing Contractor Grovetown GA. Talk with milestones, approximated conclusion dates, and any kind of prep job required before setup, such as cleansing or buying materials. You'll additionally wish to discover any type of days you'll require to be home throughout the task and when you can schedule a final rundown to ensure every little thing is to your liking


Listed below we have actually consisted of a convenient listing of 30 questions you need to ask your specialist prior to working with them. Image: Huntstock/ Brand Name X Images/ Getty Images The length of time have you been in organization? Is your organization local? Are you an accredited professional roofer? What is your legal company name and address? Do you utilize roof covering subcontractors? Do you have various other completed projects that I can see? That will be the primary call for this task, and what is the response turn-around time if I have inquiries? Who will be managing the roofing system installment for quality? Can I discover evaluations anywhere online? What is your specialty? When can you offer a written price quote, Does the price consist of products? If you discover roof covering damages, just how much would it set you back to change the roof covering? Do I require a building authorization for this specific task? If so, when will you have that all set? How do you manage settlement? Just how will you avoid looking at budget plan? What percent of tasks do you start and finish promptly? How soon can you arrange my work? How long will my job take? Will you examine my roof covering and let me recognize if anything is needed before beginning the task? Has your team been trained in my kind of roof? How will the roofer leave the job site at the end of daily? Will every little thing be positioned in a certain part of my lawn? How do you make certain safety is a priority for your employees? What will you do if there are unforeseen weather problems? Will you secure my residence from any damages? Will my driveway be protected from any kind of roofing particles? What sort of guarantee do you supply on your job? What level of roofing insurance policy do you have? What is your installment procedure?.


Asphalt shingles will generally last in between 15 and three decades, yet there are a number of aspects that impact roof shingles life, such as climate, roof covering pitch, quality of installation, and the high quality of the shingle. With extreme weather arrays in Indiana, issues like ice dams, algae, and hail can impact the life expectancy of the roofing system.




 


If a storm comes with and knocks a tree over, the roof shingles will certainly fractures and can lead to leaks. The expense of asphalt roof shingles can range in between $0. 80 to $1. 20 per square foot. The general price will depend on the size of your roofing, the top quality of the roof shingles, and whether or not a layer of roof shingles will require to be gotten rid of or if the roofing professionals can layer on top of existing shingles.




Things about Roofing Contractor Grovetown Ga


We use our large understanding and knowledge to ensure the work is done right the first visit this web-site time. Our team has more than 150 mixed years as supervisors and lead roofing contractors in the Cedar Rapids roof industry. It's tough to discover that type of experience from a roof covering company in Cedar Rapids, but that's what find more makes us attract attention over the competitors.


Do you have a great deal of concerns regarding your approaching roofing task or roof in general? You're not the only one. Below, we answer a number of typically asked inquiries about roofing fixing and substitute, in addition to employing and dealing with an expert contractor. A: Quality professional roofer will evaluate your roof and aid you determine whether repair or replacement is the very best remedy (Roofing Contractor Grovetown GA).




Roofing Contractor Grovetown GARoofing Contractor Grovetown GA
Asphalt tiles have a much shorter life expectancy (about 15 to 30 years) and aren't as environmentally-friendly as some other roofing material choices. Timber roof shingles roofing can last 30 to 50 years if it's maintained appropriately.




 


Ceramic tile roof covering is easy to keep, fire-resistant and very resilient. Tile roof can be pricey and heavy, and it's typically a better option for brand-new homes since of the architectural requirements due to the weight of the material.




Not known Facts About Roofing Contractor Grovetown Ga


It's fire resistant and reduced upkeep, and it lasts years much longer than various other roof products. Slate roof covering can be costly due to the fact that it calls for specialized installment and more maintenance than other kinds of roof. A: Each home is various, much like the needs of the property owners - Roofing Contractor Grovetown GA. Your roof covering business can help you pick the very best roof covering product and roofing system style for your home, budget, and one-of-a-kind desires.


Weather condition and the skill and experience of the professional roofer can likewise have an influence on the speed of the reroofing process. A: Some professional roofer will mount a new roofing in addition to your existing roof covering, which is called a roof-over or roof covering overlay. This can conserve some money on the roofing task because there are no charges for roofing elimination.




Roofing Contractor Grovetown GARoofing Contractor Grovetown GA
Speak to your regional roofing contractor regarding your certain reroofing demands. A: Yes. A brand-new roof with good insulation can make your home much more energy effective and keep it a lot more comfortable. There are additionally a number see this here of methods to make your roof covering installation much more environment-friendly. Find out if your roof covering specialist can recycle old roof products.


You will not be held accountable for problems. Make certain you ask your roof professional to show you a duplicate of their active workers' settlement policy. All Diamond Qualified roofing professionals need to show they are accredited and bring employee's settlement insurance coverage in order to pass the Ruby Certified scores procedure.




The Only Guide to Roofing Contractor Grovetown Ga


0 per 100,000 full time roofing contractors, compared to the national average of 3., roof covering has been within the top 5 highest fatality rates of any occupation for over 10 years in a row.


A major contributing element to the high fatality prices amongst roofing professionals in the United States is the nature of the craft which requires roofing contractors to service raised, inclined roof surfaces. Findings from qualitative meetings with Michigan professional roofer additionally located hand and finger injuries from handling hefty product and back injuries to be a few of the even more common task/injury combinations.


Majority a million individuals each year are dealt with for autumn from ladder and over 3000 individuals pass away therefore. In 2014 the estimated cost yearly expense of ladder injuries, consisting of time far from job, clinical, legal, obligation costs was estimated to reach $24 billion. Male, Hispanic, older, freelance employees and those that function in smaller establishments, and work doing construction, upkeep, and fixing experience greater ladder loss injury prices when compared with ladies and non-Hispanic whites and individuals of other races/ethnicities.


For safe usage, ladder should be checked for damages by a competent person and have to be made use of on stable and level surface areas unless they are protected to avoid displacement. Almost every industrialized nation has actually established certain security guidelines for deal with the roofing system, such as the use of standard autumn defense systems including individual fall apprehension systems, guardrail systems, and safeguard.

 

Roofing Company - Questions

Roofing Contractor - Questions

 

In the roof sector, there are four types of roofers. 4 Types of Roof covering Firms Small service roofing contractors are run by one or two individuals, with maybe a secretary and also one or two staffs.


With a gross income of around $13 million a year, these companies do not have much overhead or revenue margins. As a result, they can not supply a great deal of options or discuss lower prices. With this kind of contractor, you could function directly with the proprietor of the company, which will assist you get a feeling for the values of the firm and whether they can handle your job.


That implies they will not always be offered for customer support calls. If the owner isn't working with your job, there won't likely be a project supervisor, which implies you might require to tip in as well as load that duty. Be prepared to watch on the job to make certain it remains on timetable and also gets done to your specifications.


They tend to be reduced priced and have reduced expenses. You may reach function straight with the owner of the business. They may be more versatile to collaborate with considering that it's their business. Smaller firms don't always have a solution division. If the proprietor's on a roofing system or on a sales call, he can't take your telephone call.

 

 

 

How Roof Repair can Save You Time, Stress, and Money.


You might need to be very hands-on to get acceptable results. Full-service contractors focus on just that: solution.

 

 

 

 


Regardless of the type of work, they offer a solution layer on top. As a result, they supply one of the ideal client experiences.

 

 

 

 


They can handle huge and also tiny jobs, insurance, and also non-insurance. They may have multiple offices and also bigger solution areas. They can use long-term service warranties as well as high-quality choices. They concentrate on client service and long-term partnerships. They aren't always the least costly choice. They may not agree to utilize low-grade materials simply to match a competitor's price or win the quote.

 

 

 

Roofing ContractorSiding Contractor


Normally, they do one or the other, however not both. Sales roofing professionals tend to have a big sales pressure, which suggests they can schedule your roof replacement rapidly.

 

 

 

Roof Replacement Fundamentals Explained


While they have a great deal of choices offered, this kind of roofing contractor frequently presents the highest possible priced options first. Be prepared to negotiate for the products and also pricing you really feel most comfy with. Likewise, if you interrupt the presentation to ask difficult inquiries, the sales associate will certainly often get annoyed.

 

 

 

Roof RepairRoofing Contractor
Due to the fact that these are large companies, they'll get the task done. Retail sales roofers will do regular roof covering replacements and also ought to have a customer solution department.


They may use internal funding (i. e. roof repair., zero-percent funding) or anticipate you to spend for the roof covering expense. If a sales contractor is a tornado chaser, that's generally all they do. They're insurance-focused, and also their whole service is dealing with the insurance policy process for you. They'll ask for a long sales presentation with all choice manufacturers existing, which provides you explanation the opportunity to ask any type of concerns you may have.


They might have accessibility to a broad range of materials, which can aid you discover a cost you're comfortable with. The price is usually flexible because of this. They normally have several crews, which means they might be able to reach your task faster. Sales presentations can be lengthy and also frustrating.

 

 

 

The Facts About Roof Repair Revealed


Service may not be offered after your roof covering has actually been repaired and the crews have actually left the location. As you can see, each browse around this web-site type of roofer has browse around these guys their pros as well as disadvantages.


So assess your options meticulously, as well as make the selection that you really feel most comfortable with.

 

 

 

Roofing CompanyRoofing Company
There are varying sorts of roof covering services readily available relying on the current as well as current demand that generally dictates the option that you should make. A number of factors usually direct the specific roof solution that opts for and it is of utmost importance that assesses them all prior to deciding to guarantee that the solution selected is the most suitable one based upon requirement, usage, and application.


This is the service that constantly precedes all else. It is needed as component of the preliminary steps prior to picking what you desire to do as well as the exact kind of service that you need. It forms and supplies an appropriate basis for your decision-making after an assessment is done so that you are completely conscious and also observant of the problem available as well as one of the most ideal service for the exact same.

 

 

 

The smart Trick of Roofing Contractor That Nobody is Discussing


This is done as an option to changing the entire roof covering completely. Repair work are categorized into 2 to consist of roof and leakage repair work. Roofing fixings are deemed a cheaper choice although it is an option with a lesser degree of permanence because one repair service usually necessitates another, as the roof covering ages.
 

Facts About Roofer Uncovered

Indicators on Germantown Roof Pros Germantown You Should Know


But there's one point that you must watch out for in your guttersshingle granules. Because roof covering roof shingles are exposed to the aspects, they weaken over time. When your roof starts to get to the end of its life expectancy, the shingles will drop granules. These granules will certainly after that wind up in your gutters.


Are your tiles beginning to bend or crinkle? Roofing system shingles can crinkle or buckle from old age, hot summers, and also dampness. This is why it's vital to schedule roofing replacement before winter.


Dark spots can be a sign that your roof covering is starting to wear away. Over time, your roof can develop dark spots from UV rays as well as precipitation.


Then, rain and also snowmelt may leak right into your house. To prevent water damage, call a contractor immediately to inspect your roof. If you resist on roofing system repair service, water can rot timber and produce the best problems for mold and mildew and also mildew. If you ever walk on your roofing, focus on just how the shingles really feel underneath your feet.




Some Known Questions About Germantown Roof Pros Roofing Company.


Also, the following time you're in your attic, ensure there's no dampness in the insulation. You also should not be able to see daylight coming via the roof covering boards. If you acknowledge that your roofing system remains in bad shape, call us immediately. We 'd be greater than pleased to work with you and also your professional so you can obtain the roof covering products you need.


As such, you can trust us to have the roof products you require. To get more information regarding our roof covering products, please do not hesitate to give us a telephone call or submit our on-line contact form. This article has been upgraded.




Germantown Roof ProsRoofing Company
Metal roofs are amongst the most durable house building and construction products, with a life expectancy of concerning 50 years. Metal roofings are additionally prone to water damage if you mount them inaccurately and neglect upkeep practices.




Germantown Roof Pros Roof ReplacementGermantown Roof Pros Germantown
Are you asking yourself whether it is time to fix your steel roof? Continue reading to find 5 indications you ought to keep an eye out for and also speak to a specialist for extensive assessment and dealing with services. One usual issue related to a lot of roof products, consisting of steel, is leakage. This typically occurs due to openings on the surface triggered by nails taken care of improperly.




Indicators on Germantown Roof Pros You Should Know


 


Various other usual root causes of leak on steel roofing systems are: Utilizing incompatible materials Damaged flashing Open Full Report laps Deflection Movement of some sheets or panels Once you identify any of these roofing leak indications, it is important to repair them as quickly as possible. This method, you can alleviate damages as well as secure your ceiling as well as fiberglass batt or foam insulation.


The corroded area might separate from the bolt and also enable water penetration. Look out for discoloration on your roofing to carry out required repair work to protect the honesty of the entire framework.




During installment, roofing contractors ought to leave enough space for steel panels to expand. Stopping working to do this can cause the surface to crease after constant expansion as well as tightening in minimal room. Your roofing system may additionally develop waves because of: Overtightened fasteners Unequal underlayment Messing up panels throughout installment If your roof is bumpy or has wrinkles in some locations, you require to fix it.


In extreme cases, you may need to remove a substantial portion and reinstall it to create sufficient room for motion. Another variable that shows it is time my review here to blog obtain repair solutions is the helping to loosen of roofing parts (Germantown Roof Pros Roof Repair). If you see that your residence has an uncommon noise during windy days, examine if all the panels lay level externally.

 

Getting The Roofing Near Me To Work

The Only Guide for Roofing Near Me


This is why roof ... As one of the best roof covering companies in the location, Empire Specialists LLC only desires what's finest for ...




Roofing Near Me - An Overview


When it comes time to replace your change, roof covering have several optionsNumerous You might try to do the job on your own, hire a general service provider who will farm out the work, or work with a specialist roof covering company. Before you make a decision to do things yourself or call a buddy for help, take into consideration the several advantages of working with a professional roof covering firm.


While there are numerous factors to consider while starting a roof project, the business will deal with you to make the procedure much easier. For instance, they will certainly schedule a consultation each time that is convenient for you and also supply you with a comprehensive estimate of the job that needs to be done.


One more advantage is the efficiency of finishing the work. The firm will have a group of seasoned employees who can finish the work swiftly, safely, as well as within your agreed budget. In enhancement, the firm will have all the essential devices on hand, so there will certainly be no need to rent out or borrow anything.




Roofing Near Me Things To Know Before You Get This


A lot of roofing firms use cost-free quotes, so you can get a quote of the expense of the roofing job before you decide. Expert roofing contractors are also acquainted with the building regulations in your location as well as can help you pick the best roofing products for your home. Because of this, you can be certain that your roof will certainly be repaired or replaced correctly.


If there are any kind of issues with the roof in the future, the company will certainly come out as well as make repairs at no expense to the homeowner. This protects home owners from having to pay for expensive repairs if something goes wrong.


When you work with an expert roof covering company, you'll have access to the ideal products on the market. Roof projects can be complex as well as taxing, so it's crucial to have a group of seasoned professionals to handle the work.




The Ultimate Guide To Roofing Company


Security is constantly the leading priority when it concerns roof. Not only are there prospective threats linked with operating at heights, however there is additionally the risk of being harmed by dropping debris or nails or electrocution by power lines. A specialist roofing firm will certainly have the experience and know-how to mount or repair your roofing safely.


The next time you have a roof covering demand, do not try to go it alone. Yates Roofing and Construction, LLC. Call a specialist roof company and also gain the benefits of their experience and also understanding.


The one pointer al property owners should utilize when tackling a roof project is to employ a local roofer. roofing services - Top 10 Best Roofers Oklahoma. For lots of sensible factors, it's much better to resort to a neighbor than to a complete stranger. As one of the region's most skilled roofer, Garlock-French Corporation discusses why it makes more feeling to pick neighborhood: When we say regional roofers, we do not suggest those that merely run locally.




Roofing Services Fundamentals Explained


Something failed. Wait a minute and also attempt once more Attempt once more.


When it comes to your roof covering needs, would you rely on see this site a neighborhood roofing contractor with a recognized track record, or a full stranger whom you recognize nothing concerning and also have no method of confirming? Of training course, it's always much better to select a local roofing professional, and in the adhering to text, we will certainly describe 7 advantages of doing so.


So, whatever type of roof covering issue it is, a neighborhood is constantly around, ready to reach your property in record time and aid you address the roof concerns that have befallen you. Furthermore, picking a local roofing professional for your roofing requires can frequently be a lot more cost-effective.




What Does Roofing Services Mean?


This can make the price of a roof repair or installment of a new roof more competitive (roofers near me). On the other hand, a roofing contractor that must travel a better distance will often factor in extra expenditures associated with travel as well as transport, which can make their solutions much more costly. Unlike a contractor located in another part of the city and even in one more region, a neighborhood roofer often has their head office close by where you can stop by as well as request recommendations or ask about the roofing solutions provided by that company.


Often a good old live chat is the very best service to straighten out the information as well as settle any kind of feasible concerns. Uncertain if a neighborhood contractor is an ideal individual for the task? No worry you can quickly inspect their credibility by asking pals and neighbors who have actually formerly used their services.


Something failed. Wait a minute and also try again Try once more.




Unknown Facts About Roofing Company


Roofers Near MeRoofers Near Me
Who do you trust more: a complete stranger or a next-door neighbor that has shared the very same neighborhood experiences with you for several years? It's likely that you would choose the neighbor. Similarly, when it concerns your roof covering requires, would certainly you trust a neighborhood contractor with a well-known online reputation, or a total stranger whom you recognize nothing about and also have no way of validating? Obviously, it's constantly much better to pick a regional roofing contractor, and in the adhering to text, we will lay out seven advantages of doing so.


No issue what kind of roof covering problem it is, a regional is constantly close at hand, all set to reach your home in document time as well as aid you solve the roof problems that have actually befallen you. Additionally, selecting a neighborhood roofing contractor for your roof requires can frequently be a lot more cost-efficient.


This can make the price of a roofing repair service or setup of a brand-new roofing extra competitive. On the other hand, a roofing professional that has to travel a greater distance will commonly consider extra expenditures connected to travel and transportation, which can make their services more costly. Unlike a roofer situated in another component of the city or perhaps in an additional region, a regional contractor virtually constantly has their head office nearby where you can visit and request for advice or inquire concerning the roof covering services provided by that company.




Roofers Near Me - Questions


Occasionally a good old online conversation is the most effective service to straighten out the information and settle any kind of possible issues. Unsure if a regional roofing professional is an ideal individual for the work? Not a problem you can quickly examine their reputation by asking buddies as well as neighbors that have actually previously used their services.

 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15